The NCAG’s authority comes from UN Security Council Resolution 2803 (2025) and the Gaza peace plan it endorses. Resolution 2803 “allows for the establishment of a National Committee for the Administration of Gaza to manage day‑to‑day governance in the Gaza Strip,” and the NCAG is described as an interim government “empowered” by that resolution to run Gaza’s civil service and administration. It is appointed by, and accountable to, the international Board of Peace rather than being an elected Palestinian government.
The Board of Peace is an international transitional body mandated by UN Security Council Resolution 2803 and further defined in President Trump’s Gaza peace plan. Resolution 2803 “welcomed the establishment of the Board of Peace” and authorizes it and participating states to set up operational entities, oversee a temporary International Stabilization Force (ISF), and act as a transitional authority in Gaza. The Board is chaired by President Trump; members are appointed politically by the United States and participating states, not elected by Palestinians. In practice it provides strategic oversight of Gaza’s governance, reconstruction, demilitarization benchmarks, and international financing, while the NCAG runs day‑to‑day administration under its supervision.
The International Stabilization Force (ISF) is authorized by UN Security Council Resolution 2803, which “authorized the Board [of Peace] and Member States working with it to establish a temporary International Stabilization Force in Gaza.” The ISF is therefore a UN‑mandated but non‑UN‑run multinational force: participating states deploy troops under a unified command acceptable to the Board of Peace, in cooperation with Israel and Egypt, rather than under direct UN command. Its legal basis is Resolution 2803 plus any implementing arrangements those states conclude with Israel, the NCAG/Palestinian side, and regional guarantors.
Formally, the “High Representative for Gaza” is the senior political authority on the ground for the Board of Peace. The White House says Nickolay Mladenov “will act as the on‑the‑ground link between the Board of Peace and the NCAG” and “support the Board’s oversight of all aspects of Gaza’s governance, reconstruction, and development, while ensuring coordination across civilian and security pillars.” Independent analysis notes that the NCAG “formally reports to High Representative Nikolay Mladenov, and through him to a Board of Peace,” meaning he is the key conduit between the international Board and the Palestinian technocratic administration and is expected to coordinate closely with Palestinian authorities in Gaza and with the Palestinian Authority more broadly.
Funding for reconstruction and governance under the plan is expected to come from international donors (the US and other states, Gulf and regional governments, and international financial institutions), not from the UN regular budget. Resolution 2803 “authorized the Board [of Peace] and Member States participating therein to enter arrangements necessary to achieve the Comprehensive Plan’s objectives and to establish operational entities,” with those entities operating under the Board’s “transitional authority and oversight.” The White House says each Executive Board member will oversee portfolios like “reconstruction, investment attraction, large‑scale funding, and capital mobilization,” implying that the Board of Peace and its Executive Board will structure and supervise funding streams and are required to report every six months to the UN Security Council on progress. However, detailed public rules for how money will be audited and accounted for have not yet been published.
Resolution 2803 and related diplomacy indicate that Israel, neighboring Arab states, and the UN each have defined but different roles:
“Phase Two” covers the demilitarization, technocratic governance, and reconstruction phase after the October 2025 ceasefire. The White House describes the NCAG’s formation as “a vital step forward in implementing Phase Two” and says the Board of Peace will provide strategic oversight and accountability as Gaza moves “from conflict to peace and development.” Time‑bound benchmarks are mainly set in Resolution 2803 and the peace plan: the Board of Peace and international civil and security presences (including the ISF) are authorized until 31 December 2027, with the Board required to submit written progress reports to the Security Council every six months. These reports, along with demilitarization milestones and staged Israeli withdrawals tied to those benchmarks, are the primary mechanisms for measuring and reporting progress; more granular timelines for specific reconstruction targets have not been made public.